Sharpness continues to be a problem for some beginners and even intermediate photographers. Here are 15 tips for those of you who want the absolutely sharpest photo you can get.
1. Use A Tripod
If you want the sharpest picture possible, use a tripod. If the camera moves when you make the photo, the photo will not be as sharp as possible. Even the slight pressure of your finger on the shutter can make a difference. So use a tripod and make sure its properly set up. Make sure that its stable and locked down. And use a sturdy tripod. The $30 tripod they sell at Best Buy isn’t going to cut it.
2. Use A Sturdy Tripod Head
What good is the tripod if you have a flimsy head? The tripod head is almost as critical as the tripod itself. Make sure you’re using a head that is rated for your gear. A ball head that holds two pounds isn’t going to support a Nikon D3s with a 24-70mm lens on it.
3 Use a Cable Release
Cable releases reduce the amount of human interaction with the camera and accordingly, reduce the chance of introducing vibration that can occur when pressing the shutter button. A cable release, either attached to the camera or remote wireless, will reduce camera vibration.
4. Self-Timer
If you just cannot use a tripod, or don’t have a cable release, use your self-timer. This will minimize camera shake and reduce the cause of blur.
5. Lock up The Camera Mirror
If youre using an SLR, you have a mirror that causes the image to appear in your viewfinder. Most cameras will let you lock up the mirror. This will keep the mirror from bouncing during the exposure since it will be up and out of the way. That mirror bounce can introduce vibration that causes the picture to be unsharp.
6. Use Image Stabilization or Vibration Reduction
If your camera supports stabilization use it. Even on a tripod this can be valuable if youre using big and fast 500 or 600mm lenses. But be sure that your camera/lens combination supports tripod use. Not all stabilization systems work when the camera is mounted to a tripod. It’s a must when you are NOT using a tripod.
7. Buy the Best Glass
Sharp photos start with good glass. Just like a stereo system requires good speakers, camera systems require good glass. The best glass on a cheap body is better than the other way around.
With very few exceptions, the sharpest lenses will be fast primes.
8. Shoot in the Sweet Spot
Most lenses have a spot where they are sharpest. Using special tools you can find this spot, but as a rule of thumb, the sweet spot is typically 2.25 your maximum aperture. For example on an f/2.8 lens, the sweet spot is often between f/5.6 and f/8.
Don’t make the mistake of thinking that stopping down to the smallest aperture will create the sharpest picture. It almost never will. What it will do is give you the greatest depth of field, but that doesn’t translate to the sharpest image. Most lenses perform poorly at their extreme apertures.
9. Use Enough Depth of Field
If you do everything on this list but your subject isn’t within the camera’s depth of field, you’ll come up with a photo that appears to be unsharp. Use a depth of field preview button or depth of field calculator if you want to make sure that you have critical depth of field.
10. Know Your Target?
Establish what you want to be sharp. In a portrait it will be the eyes. In a landscape, it might be a prominent foreground object. Whatever it is, you can’t measure sharpness if you don’t know what your target is.
11. Use Fast Shutter Speeds
While its not always possible to shoot a 1/2000th of a second, you do want to select the highest shutter speed you can while staying within the lens sweet spot while calculating your exposure. Fast shutter speeds reduce camera shake and therefore allow for greater sharpness.
12. Shoot in the Best Light
Heres a tip you don’t often see in lists relating to sharpness, but it is important none-the-less. If you have good light, your autofocus will perform better, your scene will be rendered with better contrast, and the brightness necessary to achieve APPARENT sharpness will be increased. This is NOT to say you can’t make a sharp photo in low light because you certainly can. This item just reminds you that its easier in good light.
13. Consider Manual Focus
While I am old enough that I can no longer adequately rely on my eyes to make a sharp photo, I can read a tape measure. And in critical focus situations I do what the cinematographers do. I measure the physical distance from the film/sensor plane to the point of focus and manually focus using the lens distance guide. This is a fool proof method if you have a situation and circumstance that allows for it.
14. Use Live View
Most modern cameras have Live View and some even offer a zoom feature. This zoom feature can be very helpful in checking your focus.
15. Use a Third-Party Optical Viewfinder
If you use a DSLR with a rear LCD screen, you may benefit by using a product like the Zacuto Z-Finder
While there are other things you can do to get the image right in the camera, this list will solve most of the major problems I run into. I hope it helps.
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Scott Bourne
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